The history and characteristics of the Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu is not just any toy dog. It has a lineage over 1,000 years old, starting in Tibet¹. Known as ‘Lion Dogs’, people thought they helped with sacred tasks like turning prayer wheels. But, their real job was being friends. They got their name because they look like lions in old Tibetan drawings. These dogs were precious presents for Chinese rulers. Reaching the Imperial Palace, they showed how adaptable they were, fitting in with the various climates. Over time, by mixing with local dogs, traits of today’s Shih Tzu came to be.

Key Takeaways

The Shih Tzu breed has a history spanning over 1,000 years¹.
These dogs were revered in both Tibetan and Chinese cultures for their companionship, not ceremonial roles.
Their name ‘Lion Dog’ stems from their resemblance to lions in Tibetan art.
Shih Tzus adjusted well to the climate in the Chinese Imperial Palace and interbred with local breeds¹.
The modern Shih Tzu carries distinctive features developed through centuries of selective breeding.

Origins and Ancestry of the Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu’s history is truly interesting, starting with its roots linked to the Tibetan Lion Dogs. These dogs were famed for their loyalty and deep cultural significance. While many think of them as Chinese, their true story involves Tibet, which adds more depth to their heritage.

Tibetan Beginnings

The Shih Tzu’s story starts with the Tibetan Lion Dogs, known for protecting big guardians and as symbols linked to the Buddha Manjusri. They were not just guard dogs but also valued as companions, holding a special place in Tibetan culture. The breed predates its wider fame by over 1,000 years, showing its long history in Tibet².

Arrival in China

The Shih Tzu’s journey took a significant turn when it arrived in China. Hailing from Tibet, the breed found a new home in the Chinese Imperial Palace. It was here that its iconic look started to take shape, marking the beginning of the Shih Tzu we know today². Gifted as tributes, they quickly became cherished pets within the palace grounds.

Role in Ming Dynasty

In the Ming Dynasty, Shih Tzus had a role beyond mere companionship. Their place in the Ming court was a testament to their high standing and the breed’s development over time. Thanks to mixing with other local dogs, their special traits appeared. Even facing challenges during the Communist Revolution, the Shih Tzu endured, showing remarkable resilience².

Shih Tzu in Chinese Royalty

At the Chinese Imperial Palace, the Shih Tzu had a perfect home to grow. They were very important in Chinese noble families. Especially during Dowager Empress Cixi’s rule, these little yet grand dogs were loved.

Dowager Empress Cixi’s Breeding Program

Dowager Empress Cixi played a big part in making the Shih Tzu breed special. She started special royal breeding plans to make them look and act even better. Thanks to her, Shih Tzus became very special in Chinese nobility. We think today’s Shih Tzus come from 13 dogs brought to England and Scandinavia between 1928 and 1952³.

Royal Adoration and Artistic Representations

People outside the palace also loved Shih Tzus, especially artists. They made many paintings and decorations of Shih Tzus. This celebrated the dogs’ beauty and their role in high society.

The Shih Tzu’s beautiful coat was highly respected by the nobility. They loved the different colours it came in. Colours like black & white, brindle, gold & white, and more were favourites⁴. This made the dogs even more special to the royals. It was in this time that the Shih Tzu started becoming very popular, all thanks to art and careful breeding.

Introduction of the Shih Tzu to the West

The Shih Tzu came to the Western world thanks to Lady Brownrigg. She was key in getting the breed to England. By bringing several pairs of Shih Tzus, Lady Brownrigg laid the cornerstone for their growth in the West.

Lady Brownrigg and the First English Imports

From 1928 to 1952, 13 Shih Tzus were brought into England and Scandinavia. They laid the foundation of the breed we know today³. It was all thanks to Lady Brownrigg’s work. She made sure the Shih Tzu survived and became popular. She helped start the Shih Tzu Club to keep their standards and teach how they were different from other Oriental breeds⁵.

Post-War Development and Growing Popularity

The years after the war were big for the Shih Tzus. They were officially recognised in Britain in 1946⁵. There were also significant mixings with a Pekingese in 1952. This mix was a bit controversial but helped make the Shih Tzu even better³⁵. The Shih Tzu Club also helped set these new standards and make the breed known⁵. In 1969, they were included in the AKC Stud Book. This was a big deal for their standing in the dog world³.

In the US, the American Shih Tzu Club was started in 1963 by three groups. They helped make the Shih Tzu very popular, especially as a toy dog. They were loved by famous people like Queen Elizabeth II and Miley Cyrus³. The Shih Tzu’s story in the West began with Lady Brownrigg and grew with post-war excitement. Today, they are among the most-loved dogs in homes everywhere.

Physical Characteristics of the Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu comes from Tibet and China. It is famous for its unique look and strong body. It is small, only 8 to 11 inches tall and weighs 9 to 16 pounds. It has a firm but little frame⁶⁷. Their face looks like an “owl head” or “lion head” with big, dark brown eyes and a special “frog mouth” look. This makes them very appealing to people worldwide.

The Shih Tzu has a beautiful double coat. Taking care of their coat means lots of grooming to stop it from tangling. This grooming is key to keeping them healthy and looking good. A Shih Tzu is expected to be around 26.7 cm tall, showing they are of top show quality.

They need very little exercise, which is perfect for living in an apartment⁶. However, a little exercise is important to keep them fit and prevent them from getting too heavy. It’s also vital to watch out for health issues they are prone to, like problems with their teeth, eyes, and breathing⁷. Usually, Shih Tzus live a long time, from 10 to 16 years⁶⁷.

Looking after a Shih Tzu means they not only fit the breed’s high standards but also enjoy a vibrant life. Good health care and regular grooming are the keys. This will ensure a Shih Tzu looks and feels great.

Shih Tzu Temperament and Behavior

The Shih Tzu is famous for being warm and loyal, making many owners happy⁸. They are not just pets; they become part of the family. Their gentle nature fits well in most homes, bringing joy to their owners.

Affectionate and Loyal Companions

Shih Tzus can get upset when without their family, showing they really care⁸. This makes them great for people who can give them a lot of love and time. They are also friendly with everyone at home, including other pets, and don’t get angry easily⁸.

Adaptive Nature

Shih Tzus can live comfortably in both big and small spaces⁷. They don’t act bossy or bark a lot like some other small dogs. This makes them a good fit for city life and different kinds of families⁸.

What they eat is really important for their health and mood. It should match their medium activity level and keep them healthy⁸⁷. This shows how unique and adaptable Shih Tzus are. They need proper care, including the right food, to be their best.

Conclusion

The journey of the Shih Tzu from Tibet to Western homes shows their amazing ability to fit in and be loved. They are a favourite tiny breed, known for their over-a-thousand-year history. In 1969, the American Kennel Club recognised them. They almost disappeared during China’s big change but survived because of 14 dogs⁹.

Shih Tzus are friendly and love being around people. They need a lot of care, especially regular cleaning and grooming. Their beautiful, soft hair comes in many colours. They are small, making them perfect pets for most homes¹⁰.

Many famous people have owned Shih Tzus, like Mariah Carey and Queen Elizabeth II⁹. Despite their strong will, they are very loved pets. They are among the top 20 favourite breeds, according to the American Kennel Club. This is because of their kind hearts and how they love to be with their owners.

Looking after a Shih Tzu needs a lot of work, especially their health and cleanliness. They should have their teeth cleaned often and be given medicine to prevent worms. A good diet and a bit of daily exercise are also necessary. These routines help them live long and healthy lives. Some have even lived for over 20 years, like one in Florida that reached 23⁹.

In the end, the Shih Tzu’s long history and lovely traits have made them very beloved. Their look and behaviour show their noble past and how they are great friends today.

FAQ

What are the main characteristics of the Shih Tzu breed?

The Shih Tzu is a small yet sturdy dog. It’s recognized for its unique “owl head” or “lion head” skull shape. These dogs have a ‘frog mouth’ and big, dark brown eyes.They boast a beautiful double coat that needs regular care. Shih Tzus are known for being loving and faithful pets.

How did the Shih Tzu evolve from Tibetan Lion Dogs?

Originally, the Shih Tzu was a Tibetan Lion Dog. They were treated as companions in China, not simply for ceremonies. Over time, they were mixed with local Chinese breeds like the Pug and Pekingese.This mix created the unique look Shih Tzus have today.

What role did Dowager Empress Cixi play in the breeding of Shih Tzus?

During her time, Dowager Empress Cixi started a special breeding programme for Shih Tzus. This programme improved their looks and lineage. As a result, Shih Tzus became popular in the Chinese Imperial Palace.

Who was responsible for introducing the Shih Tzu to the Western world?

Lady Brownrigg played a key role in bringing Shih Tzus to England. She imported the first pairs. After World War II, she helped set up the Shih Tzu Club and defined breed standards. This move helped secure the breed’s future.

What are the grooming requirements for a Shih Tzu?

Shih Tzus have a special kind of coat that needs a lot of care. Owners need to brush them every day and give them regular baths. It’s also important to keep their hair around the eyes and face short to avoid irritation.

What is the temperament of a Shih Tzu?

Shih Tzus are known for being loving, loyal, and friendly. Although they like to do their own thing sometimes, they usually fit into new homes easily. This makes them great pets for many kinds of families.

How much exercise does a Shih Tzu need?

Keeping Shih Tzus healthy doesn’t require a lot of work. A daily walk and some playtime should do the trick. They’re okay in both busy and quiet homes, which makes them very adaptable.

What is the best food for a Shih Tzu?

Good food for Shih Tzus is specially made for small dogs. Look for dog food that’s high in protein, healthy fats, and important vitamins. This kind of food helps their coat look great and keeps them healthy.

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